{"id":3035,"date":"2019-10-28T15:09:33","date_gmt":"2019-10-28T19:09:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/?p=3035"},"modified":"2020-07-13T15:43:57","modified_gmt":"2020-07-13T19:43:57","slug":"understanding-the-impacts-of-widespread-forest-die-offs-across-france-germany-and-china","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/research\/understanding-the-impacts-of-widespread-forest-die-offs-across-france-germany-and-china\/","title":{"rendered":"Understanding the impacts of widespread forest die-offs across France, Germany, and China"},"content":{"rendered":"\n[et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ fullwidth=”on” _builder_version=”3.27.4″ background_blend=”multiply” custom_padding=”0px|0px|3px|0px|false|false”][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=”@ET-DC@eyJkeW5hbWljIjp0cnVlLCJjb250ZW50IjoicG9zdF90aXRsZSIsInNldHRpbmdzIjp7ImJlZm9yZSI6IiIsImFmdGVyIjoiIn19@” subhead=”@ET-DC@eyJkeW5hbWljIjp0cnVlLCJjb250ZW50IjoicG9zdF9leGNlcnB0Iiwic2V0dGluZ3MiOnsiYmVmb3JlIjoiIiwiYWZ0ZXIiOiIiLCJ3b3JkcyI6IiIsInJlYWRfbW9yZV9sYWJlbCI6IiJ9fQ==@” _builder_version=”3.29.3″ _dynamic_attributes=”title,subhead” title_font=”|||||on|||” title_line_height=”1.2em” content_font=”||||||||” content_text_color=”rgba(0,0,0,0.8)” subhead_font=”||on||||||” subhead_text_color=”#ffffff” subhead_font_size=”16px” subhead_line_height=”1.5em” background_color=”rgba(168,211,103,0)” use_background_color_gradient=”on” background_color_gradient_start=”#0a1404″ background_color_gradient_end=”#a8d367″ background_color_gradient_end_position=”70%” background_image=”https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/v4.boldsystems.org_7125_animalia.png” custom_margin_tablet=”” custom_margin_phone=”” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|desktop”][\/et_pb_fullwidth_header][et_pb_fullwidth_image src=”https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Sire-MainImage.jpg” _builder_version=”3.29.3″ max_width=”95%” module_alignment=”center” custom_margin=”-20px||20px” box_shadow_style=”preset1″][\/et_pb_fullwidth_image][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”3.22.3″ custom_padding=”0|0px|7px|0px|false|false”][et_pb_row module_class=” et_pb_row_fullwidth” _builder_version=”3.25″ width=”89%” width_tablet=”80%” width_phone=”” width_last_edited=”on|desktop” max_width=”89%” max_width_tablet=”80%” max_width_phone=”” max_width_last_edited=”on|desktop” custom_padding=”0|0px|27px|0px|false|false” make_fullwidth=”on”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.25″ custom_padding=”|||” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”3.29.3″ text_font=”||||||||” text_text_color=”#646564″]

Entomologists studying tree dieback of Picea abies<\/em> in Bavarian National Park.<\/span><\/p>\n

PHOTO CREDIT: Heiner M. Elsner<\/span><\/p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ use_custom_gutter=”on” gutter_width=”2″ specialty=”on” _builder_version=”3.27.4″][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ specialty_columns=”2″ _builder_version=”3.25″ custom_padding=”|||” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_row_inner _builder_version=”3.27.4″][et_pb_column_inner saved_specialty_column_type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”3.27.4″ custom_padding=”|||” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”3.29.3″ text_font=”||||||||” custom_padding=”||0px|||”]

F<\/span>orests throughout the world are suffering from an increase in the frequency and severity of droughts as well as pathogen and insect infestations. These climate-exacerbated factors are leading to tree diebacks\u2014the progressive death of tree branches\u2014and subsequent large-scale forest die-offs, the effects of which are not well understood. Preliminary results from our study indicate that while the number of insect species along forest die-off gradients might not be affected, their composition is changing.<\/p>\n

CLIMTREE is an international project funded by the Belmont Forum<\/a><\/strong> that assesses the impact of climate-induced forest die-off on invertebrate biodiversity in highland forests in France, Germany, and China. This project aims to better understand how tree mortality and associated changes in forest composition affect biodiversity and ecosystem functions.<\/p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column_inner][\/et_pb_row_inner][et_pb_row_inner column_structure=”1_2,1_2″ _builder_version=”3.29.3″][et_pb_column_inner type=”1_2″ saved_specialty_column_type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”3.29.3″][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Sire-Figure1.jpg” show_in_lightbox=”on” _builder_version=”3.29.3″][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=”3.29.3″ text_font=”||||||||” text_text_color=”#646564″ text_font_size=”16px” custom_padding=”||3px|||”]

Silver fir (Abies alba<\/em>) dieback in the French eastern Pyrenees<\/span><\/p>\n

PHOTO CREDIT: Carlos Lopez-Vaamonde<\/span><\/p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column_inner][et_pb_column_inner type=”1_2″ saved_specialty_column_type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”3.29.3″][et_pb_text _builder_version=”3.29.3″]

Our study measures changes in the insect communities along dieback and salvage-logging gradients of silver fir (Abies alba<\/em>) forests in the French eastern and central Pyrenees, Norway, spruce (Picea abies<\/em>) forests in the Bavarian Forest National Park, Germany, and Yunnan pine (Pinus yunnanensis<\/em>) forests in Yunnan province, China. We examined patterns of variation in the species diversity of flying insects collected by Malaise traps. As these passive traps can collect a large number of specimens, we analyzed samples in bulk using DNA metabarcoding. This approach uses DNA barcode reference libraries to identify species from a mixed sample using high-throughput technologies that effectively provide large amounts of DNA sequence data.<\/p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column_inner][\/et_pb_row_inner][et_pb_row_inner _builder_version=”3.29.3″][et_pb_column_inner saved_specialty_column_type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”3.29.3″][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Sire-Figure2.jpg” show_in_lightbox=”on” _builder_version=”3.29.3″][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=”3.29.3″ text_font=”||||||||” text_text_color=”#646564″ text_font_size=”16px” custom_padding=”||3px|||”]Members of CLIMTREE assessing the level of decline of silver fir stands in Pays de Sault (French eastern Pyrenees)<\/span>\n\nPHOTO CREDIT: Carlos Lopez-Vaamonde<\/span>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”3.29.3″ custom_padding=”||0px|||”]

We also examined saproxylic beetles, a key functional group used as bioindicators in forest assessments of dead-wood availability. We collected these beetles using flight interception traps, and we also sampled specimens from natural history collections to build a DNA barcode reference library for the French saproxylic beetle fauna as a resource for future investigations.<\/p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”3.29.3″]

The preliminary results from the 56 Malaise traps deployed in the French eastern and central Pyrenees have revealed more than 3,500 OTUs (Operational Taxonomic Units, a proxy for species) belonging to 18 insect orders, with considerable change in the compositions of the species detected along the dieback gradient as well as across a 4-month period. However, results to date do not suggest significant declines in species richness over the dieback gradient.<\/p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column_inner][\/et_pb_row_inner][et_pb_row_inner column_structure=”1_2,1_2″ use_custom_gutter=”on” gutter_width=”2″ _builder_version=”3.29.3″ custom_padding=”||0px|||”][et_pb_column_inner type=”1_2″ saved_specialty_column_type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”3.29.3″][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Sire-Figure4.jpg” show_in_lightbox=”on” _builder_version=”3.29.3″ width=”93%”][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=”3.29.3″ text_font=”||||||||” text_text_color=”#646564″ text_font_size=”16px” custom_padding=”||3px|||”]

Rosalia alpina<\/em> (Cerambycidae) is one of the 2,663 species of saproxylic beetles known to occur in France<\/p>\n

PHOTO CREDIT:\u00a0Carlos Lopez-Vaamonde<\/span><\/p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column_inner][et_pb_column_inner type=”1_2″ saved_specialty_column_type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”3.29.3″][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Sire-Figure5.jpg” show_in_lightbox=”on” _builder_version=”3.29.3″][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=”3.29.3″ text_font=”||||||||” text_text_color=”#646564″ text_font_size=”16px” custom_padding=”||3px|||”]

Polytrap flight interception trap<\/p>\n

PHOTO CREDIT:\u00a0Carl Moliard<\/span><\/span><\/p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column_inner][\/et_pb_row_inner][et_pb_row_inner _builder_version=”3.29.3″][et_pb_column_inner saved_specialty_column_type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”3.29.3″][et_pb_text _builder_version=”3.29.3″]

Of the 55,571 saproxylic beetles collected by the flight interception traps, about 70% were morphologically identified to one of 284 species. Similar to the flying insects collected by Malaise traps, the diversity of beetles along dieback gradients did not decline. We are now trying to use a non-destructive metabarcoding approach that involves processing the collection media to determine whether we can uncover a comparable number of species with a morphology-based sorting approach. If results are similar, we will have a strong case for using this technique as a time-efficient alternative for biomonitoring moving forward.<\/p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”3.29.3″]

Overall, there is an urgent need to obtain detailed baseline data on insect communities to quantify the impacts of climate change. By taking advantage of DNA metabarcoding approaches, our study is assessing biodiversity patterns at scales previously impossible and providing the data essential for evaluating future changes in insect communities. Our workflows are simple to use and provide an affordable, reliable, and repeatable method of assessing insect diversity in forests at a large geographical scale.<\/p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image _builder_version=”4.4.7″ hover_enabled=”0″][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column_inner][\/et_pb_row_inner][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”3.25″ custom_padding=”|||” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”3.27.4″ text_font=”||on||||||” text_text_color=”#646564″ text_orientation=”center”]

Written by<\/p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_team_member name=”Lucas Sire ” position=”Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l\u2019Insecte, Tours, France” image_url=”https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Lucas-Sire.png” _builder_version=”3.29.3″ header_font=”||||||||” header_text_align=”center” header_font_size=”17px” body_font=”||||||||” body_font_size=”15px” text_orientation=”center” width=”85%” module_alignment=”center” link_option_url_new_window=”on”][\/et_pb_team_member][et_pb_team_member name=”Paul Schmidt Ya\u00f1ez” position=”Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany” image_url=”https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Paul-Schmidt-Yanez.png” _builder_version=”3.29.3″ header_font=”||||||||” header_text_align=”center” header_font_size=”17px” body_font=”||||||||” body_font_size=”15px” text_orientation=”center” width=”85%” module_alignment=”center” link_option_url_new_window=”on”][\/et_pb_team_member][et_pb_team_member name=”Rodolphe Rougerie” position=”Mus\u00e9um National d\u2019Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France” image_url=”https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Rodolphe-Rougerie.png” _builder_version=”3.29.3″ header_font=”||||||||” header_text_align=”center” header_font_size=”17px” body_font=”||||||||” body_font_size=”15px” text_orientation=”center” width=”85%” module_alignment=”center” link_option_url_new_window=”on”][\/et_pb_team_member][et_pb_team_member name=”Christophe Bouget” position=”IRSTEA, Nogent-sur-Vernisson, France” image_url=”https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Christophe_Bouget.png” _builder_version=”3.29.3″ header_font=”||||||||” header_text_align=”center” header_font_size=”17px” body_font=”||||||||” body_font_size=”15px” text_orientation=”center” width=”85%” module_alignment=”center” link_option_url_new_window=”on”][\/et_pb_team_member][et_pb_team_member name=”Laurent Larrieu ” position=”Dynafor INRA & CRPF Occitanie, Toulouse, France” image_url=”https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Laurent_Larrieu.png” _builder_version=”3.29.3″ header_font=”||||||||” header_text_align=”center” header_font_size=”17px” body_font=”||||||||” body_font_size=”15px” text_orientation=”center” width=”85%” module_alignment=”center” link_option_url_new_window=”on”][\/et_pb_team_member][et_pb_team_member name=”Douglas W. Yu ” position=”Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, China” image_url=”https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/DouglasWYu.png” _builder_version=”3.29.3″ header_font=”||||||||” header_text_align=”center” header_font_size=”17px” body_font=”||||||||” body_font_size=”15px” text_orientation=”center” width=”85%” module_alignment=”center” link_option_url_new_window=”on”][\/et_pb_team_member][et_pb_team_member name=”Michael T. Monaghan ” position=”Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany” image_url=”https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Michael-T-Monaghan-.png” _builder_version=”3.29.3″ header_font=”||||||||” header_text_align=”center” header_font_size=”17px” body_font=”||||||||” body_text_color=”rgba(100,101,100,0.54)” body_font_size=”15px” position_text_color=”rgba(100,101,100,0.54)” text_orientation=”center” width=”85%” module_alignment=”center” link_option_url_new_window=”on”]

Institut F\u00fcr Biologie, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Germany<\/p>[\/et_pb_team_member][et_pb_team_member name=”J\u00f6rg M\u00fcller” position=”Bavarian Forest National Park, Grafenau, Germany” image_url=”https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Jo\u0308rg_Mu\u0308ller.png” _builder_version=”3.29.3″ header_font=”||||||||” header_text_align=”center” header_font_size=”17px” body_font=”||||||||” body_text_color=”rgba(100,101,100,0.54)” body_font_size=”15px” position_text_color=”rgba(100,101,100,0.54)” text_orientation=”center” width=”85%” module_alignment=”center” link_option_url_new_window=”on”][\/et_pb_team_member][et_pb_team_member name=”Elisabeth A. Herniou ” position=”Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l\u2019Insecte, Tours, France” image_url=”https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Elisabeth-Herniou.png” _builder_version=”3.29.3″ header_font=”||||||||” header_text_align=”center” header_font_size=”17px” body_font=”||||||||” body_text_color=”rgba(100,101,100,0.54)” body_font_size=”15px” position_text_color=”rgba(100,101,100,0.54)” text_orientation=”center” width=”85%” module_alignment=”center” link_option_url_new_window=”on”][\/et_pb_team_member][et_pb_team_member name=”Carlos Lopez-Vaamonde” position=”Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l\u2019Insecte, Tours, France” image_url=”https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Carlos-Lopez-Vaamonde.png” _builder_version=”3.29.3″ header_font=”||||||||” header_text_align=”center” header_font_size=”17px” body_font=”||||||||” body_text_color=”rgba(100,101,100,0.54)” body_font_size=”15px” position_text_color=”rgba(100,101,100,0.54)” text_orientation=”center” width=”85%” module_alignment=”center” link_option_url_new_window=”on”]

INRA, Orl\u00e9ans, France<\/p>[\/et_pb_team_member][et_pb_divider divider_position=”center” _builder_version=”3.23.3″ custom_margin=”||1px”][\/et_pb_divider][et_pb_text _builder_version=”3.27.4″ _dynamic_attributes=”content” text_font=”||||||||” text_text_color=”#003254″ text_orientation=”center”]@ET-DC@eyJkeW5hbWljIjp0cnVlLCJjb250ZW50IjoicG9zdF9kYXRlIiwic2V0dGluZ3MiOnsiYmVmb3JlIjoiIiwiYWZ0ZXIiOiIiLCJkYXRlX2Zvcm1hdCI6ImRlZmF1bHQiLCJjdXN0b21fZGF0ZV9mb3JtYXQiOiIifX0=@[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_button button_url=”https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/2019-Sire.pdf” url_new_window=”on” button_text=”Download PDF” button_alignment=”center” disabled_on=”off|off|off” _builder_version=”4.0.9″ custom_button=”on” button_text_size=”12px” button_text_color=”#ffffff” button_bg_color=”#003254″ button_icon=”%%26%%” button_icon_color=”#ffffff” box_shadow_style=”preset3″ box_shadow_horizontal=”3px” box_shadow_vertical=”11px”][\/et_pb_button][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.4.7″ text_font=”||||||||” text_text_color=”#646564″ text_font_size=”12px” text_orientation=”center” hover_enabled=”0″]

doi: 10.21083\/ibol.v9i1.5726<\/pre>\n[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_divider _builder_version=”3.23.4″ height=”0px”][\/et_pb_divider][et_pb_sidebar area=”et_pb_widget_area_1″ show_border=”off” _builder_version=”3.21.4″][\/et_pb_sidebar][et_pb_sidebar area=”et_pb_widget_area_3″ show_border=”off” _builder_version=”3.29.3″ text_orientation=”center” background_layout=”dark”][\/et_pb_sidebar][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”3.22.3″ background_color=”#000000″ custom_padding=”0|0px|2px|0px|false|false”][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_2,1_2″ module_class=” et_pb_row_fullwidth” _builder_version=”3.25″ width=”89%” width_tablet=”80%” width_phone=”” width_last_edited=”on|desktop” max_width=”89%” max_width_tablet=”80%” max_width_phone=”” max_width_last_edited=”on|desktop” custom_padding=”||0px|||” make_fullwidth=”on”][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”3.25″ custom_padding=”|||” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”3.29.3″ text_font=”|||||on|||” text_text_color=”#f9c352″ text_font_size=”14px” header_font_size=”26px”]
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Metabarcoding increases the taxonomic resolution and geographic scale at which researchers can assess the impacts of climate change on insect communities in forests\t<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":36,"featured_media":3044,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[229,227,240,63,228,46,31,40],"coauthors":[238,230,231,232,233,234,235,239,236,237],"class_list":["post-3035","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-research","tag-china","tag-climate-change","tag-forest-die-offs","tag-forests","tag-france","tag-germany","tag-insecta","tag-metabarcoding"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3035","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/36"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3035"}],"version-history":[{"count":32,"href":"https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3035\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4561,"href":"https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3035\/revisions\/4561"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3044"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3035"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3035"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3035"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=3035"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}