{"id":1124,"date":"2019-04-07T09:00:53","date_gmt":"2019-04-07T13:00:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/?p=1124"},"modified":"2020-07-16T11:02:43","modified_gmt":"2020-07-16T15:02:43","slug":"update-from-the-norwegian-barcode-of-life-network-norbol-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/nation-activities\/update-from-the-norwegian-barcode-of-life-network-norbol-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Update from the Norwegian Barcode of Life Network (NorBOL)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n[et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; fullwidth=&#8221;on&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.21.4&#8243; background_blend=&#8221;multiply&#8221;][et_pb_fullwidth_header title=&#8221;@ET-DC@eyJkeW5hbWljIjp0cnVlLCJjb250ZW50IjoicG9zdF90aXRsZSIsInNldHRpbmdzIjp7ImJlZm9yZSI6IiIsImFmdGVyIjoiIn19@&#8221; subhead=&#8221;@ET-DC@eyJkeW5hbWljIjp0cnVlLCJjb250ZW50IjoicG9zdF9leGNlcnB0Iiwic2V0dGluZ3MiOnsiYmVmb3JlIjoiIiwiYWZ0ZXIiOiIiLCJ3b3JkcyI6IiIsInJlYWRfbW9yZV9sYWJlbCI6IiJ9fQ==@&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.21.4&#8243; _dynamic_attributes=&#8221;title,subhead&#8221; content_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; content_text_color=&#8221;rgba(0,0,0,0.8)&#8221; subhead_font=&#8221;||on||||||&#8221; subhead_text_color=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; subhead_font_size=&#8221;16px&#8221; background_color=&#8221;rgba(168,211,103,0)&#8221; use_background_color_gradient=&#8221;on&#8221; background_color_gradient_start=&#8221;#000000&#8243; background_color_gradient_end=&#8221;rgba(168,211,103,0.93)&#8221; background_color_gradient_end_position=&#8221;82%&#8221; background_image=&#8221;https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/v4.boldsystems.org_7125_animalia.png&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221;][\/et_pb_fullwidth_header][et_pb_fullwidth_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/NorBOL_fraUIB_ver2.jpg&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.21.4&#8243; box_shadow_style=&#8221;preset1&#8243; max_width=&#8221;95%&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;-20px||20px&#8221;][\/et_pb_fullwidth_image][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;3.21.4&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;0|0px|7px|0px|false|false&#8221;][et_pb_row make_fullwidth=&#8221;on&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.21.4&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;0|0px|27px|0px|false|false&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;3.21.4&#8243;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;3.21.4&#8243; text_font=&#8221;||on||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#646564&#8243;]Nereis pelagica barcoded by NorBOL. \n\nPHOTO CREDIT: Katrine Kongshavn[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; specialty=&#8221;on&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.21.4&#8243;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;3_4&#8243; specialty_columns=&#8221;3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;3.0.47&#8243;][et_pb_row_inner use_custom_gutter=&#8221;on&#8221; gutter_width=&#8221;1&#8243; padding_right_1=&#8221;50px&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.21.4&#8243;][et_pb_column_inner type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; saved_specialty_column_type=&#8221;3_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;3.0.47&#8243;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;3.21.4&#8243; text_font=&#8221;||on||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#646564&#8243; text_orientation=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||22px&#8221;]<p>Written by<\/p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_team_member name=&#8221;Torbj\u00f8rn Ekrem&#8221; position=&#8221;NTNU University Museum, Coordinator of NorBOL, Trondheim, Norway&#8221; image_url=&#8221;https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/torbjorn_ekrem.png&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.21.4&#8243; header_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; header_text_align=&#8221;center&#8221; body_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; border_radii_image=&#8221;on|50px|50px|50px|50px&#8221; text_orientation=&#8221;center&#8221; max_width=&#8221;58%&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||50px&#8221;][\/et_pb_team_member][et_pb_divider _builder_version=&#8221;3.21.4&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;||1px&#8221;][\/et_pb_divider][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;3.21.4&#8243; _dynamic_attributes=&#8221;content&#8221; text_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; text_orientation=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||28px&#8221;]@ET-DC@eyJkeW5hbWljIjp0cnVlLCJjb250ZW50IjoicG9zdF9kYXRlIiwic2V0dGluZ3MiOnsiYmVmb3JlIjoiIiwiYWZ0ZXIiOiIiLCJkYXRlX2Zvcm1hdCI6ImRlZmF1bHQiLCJjdXN0b21fZGF0ZV9mb3JtYXQiOiIifX0=@[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_divider _builder_version=&#8221;3.21.4&#8243;][\/et_pb_divider][et_pb_sidebar area=&#8221;et_pb_widget_area_1&#8243; show_border=&#8221;off&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.21.4&#8243;][\/et_pb_sidebar][\/et_pb_column_inner][et_pb_column_inner type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; saved_specialty_column_type=&#8221;3_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;3.0.47&#8243;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;3.21.4&#8243; text_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221;]<p><span style=\"font-size: 30px;\">F<\/span>ive years have passed since the Norwegian Barcode of Life (NorBOL) obtained funding from the Norwegian Research Council to develop a national research infrastructure for DNA barcoding in Norway. This funding was the major boost needed to build a barcode reference library for Norwegian and polar biota, but it was also an important driver to ensure knowledge transfer and capacity building for DNA barcoding in Norway.<\/p>\n<p>A central collaborator and funder over the years has been the<span>\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/artsdatabanken.no\/Pages\/135523\" data-slimstat=\"5\">Norwegian Taxonomy Initiative<\/a><span>\u00a0<\/span>run by the Norwegian Biodiversity Information Centre; they are an important reason why we now have almost 19,000 species barcoded from Norway. The positive synergies between DNA barcoding and inventory projects targeting groups of little-known organisms were highlighted at the 7<sup>th<\/sup><span>\u00a0<\/span>iBOL Conference in Kruger.<\/p>\n<p>NorBOL is a geographically distributed infrastructure with four hubs located at the university museums in Bergen, Oslo, Troms\u00f8, and Trondheim. This has made it possible for us to take advantage of existing expertise and be particularly active in some areas. For instance, the University Museum of Bergen is currently the largest contributor to marine bristle worm data in the <a href=\"http:\/\/v4.boldsystems.org\/\">Barcode of Life Database (BOLD)<\/a>, while the Troms\u00f8 Museum is a key player in developing genome skimming of herbarium material to retrieve barcode regions from the chloroplast genome.<\/p>\n<p>As an established national research infrastructure and member of iBOL, NorBOL continues the collaboration with the Norwegian Taxonomy Initiative and seeks additional funding to fill the gaps in the barcode library of Norwegian species. We will also continue supporting applied projects that use the generated data and knowledge to assess and monitor biodiversity in time and space, authenticate various products, and develop methodology.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column_inner][\/et_pb_row_inner][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;3.0.47&#8243;][et_pb_comments show_avatar=&#8221;off&#8221; show_reply=&#8221;off&#8221; show_count=&#8221;off&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.21.4&#8243; header_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; form_field_font=&#8221;||on||||||&#8221; form_field_font_size=&#8221;11px&#8221; custom_button=&#8221;on&#8221; button_text_size=&#8221;13px&#8221; button_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221;][\/et_pb_comments][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;3.21.4&#8243; background_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;0|0px|2px|0px|false|false&#8221;][et_pb_row make_fullwidth=&#8221;on&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.21.4&#8243;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;3.21.4&#8243;][et_pb_post_nav in_same_term=&#8221;on&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.21.4&#8243; title_font=&#8221;|700||on|||||&#8221; title_text_color=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221;][\/et_pb_post_nav][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; disabled_on=&#8221;off|off|off&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;Follow Along&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.21.1&#8243; background_color=&#8221;#f7f7f7&#8243; use_background_color_gradient=&#8221;on&#8221; background_color_gradient_start=&#8221;#d8d8d8&#8243; background_color_gradient_end=&#8221;rgba(255,255,255,0)&#8221; background_color_gradient_end_position=&#8221;52%&#8221; background_color_gradient_overlays_image=&#8221;on&#8221; background_image=&#8221;https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/v4.boldsystems.org_7125_animalia.png&#8221; background_position=&#8221;center_right&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;49px||0||false|false&#8221; top_divider_height=&#8221;69px&#8221; global_module=&#8221;175&#8243; saved_tabs=&#8221;all&#8221;][et_pb_row make_fullwidth=&#8221;on&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;27px|0px|114px|0px|false|false&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;0px|||&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.2.1&#8243;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;3.0.47&#8243;][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;3.0.47&#8243;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;3.21.1&#8243; header_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; header_font_size=&#8221;28px&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;28px&#8221;]<h2>Don&#8217;t Miss Out!<\/h2>\n<p>Subscribe to the iBOL Barcode Bulletin for updates on DNA barcoding efforts, the iBOL Consortium, and more.<\/p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_code _builder_version=&#8221;3.21&#8243;][mc4wp_form][\/et_pb_code][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;3.0.47&#8243;][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;3.21.3&#8243; border_color_top=&#8221;#a8d367&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;0|0px|0|0px|false|false&#8221; global_module=&#8221;532&#8243; saved_tabs=&#8221;all&#8221;][et_pb_row make_equal=&#8221;on&#8221; custom_css_main_2=&#8221;margin:auto;&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.21.1&#8243;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;3.21.1&#8243;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/bulletin-title-whitespace.png&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.21.3&#8243; max_width_tablet=&#8221;38%&#8221; max_width_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;2_3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;3.21.1&#8243;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;3.21.3&#8243;]<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/about-the-barcode-bulletin\">About the Barcode Bulletin<\/a> | <a href=\"http:\/\/ibol.org\/communication\/barcode-bulletin\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Archive<\/a> | <a href=\"http:\/\/ibol.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">iBOL Consortium<\/a> | <a href=\"http:\/\/ibol.org\/news-and-media\/news-and-events\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">iBOL News<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/contact-us\/\">Contact Us<\/a>\u00a0<\/p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Norway is supporting projects to assess and monitor biodiversity in time and space, authenticate various products, and develop new methodologies with DNA barcode data. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":214,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>C. Matthews<\/em><sup><em>1<\/em><\/sup><em>, J. Dorey<\/em><sup><em>1<\/em><\/sup><em>, S. Groom<\/em><sup><em>2<\/em><\/sup><em>, O. Davies<\/em><sup><em>1<\/em><\/sup><em>, E. Freedman<\/em><sup><em>1<\/em><\/sup><em>, J. Holder<\/em><sup><em>1<\/em><\/sup><em>, B. Parslow<\/em><sup><em>1<\/em><\/sup><em>, M. Schwarz<\/em><sup><em>1<\/em><\/sup><em>, M. Stevens<\/em><sup><em>3,4<\/em><\/sup><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph {\"fontSize\":\"small\"} -->\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><sup>1 <\/sup>School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia <br><sup>2 <\/sup>School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia <br><sup>3 <\/sup>South Australian Museum, GPO Box 234, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia <br><sup>4 <\/sup>School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Fiji\u2019s entomological diversity has historically\nbeen considered depauperate. Recent widespread DNA barcoding efforts, however,\nfrom the South Australian Museum, Flinders University and University of South\nAustralia, along with a flurry of undergraduate, honours and PhD students, have\nhelped to uncover some of the hidden secrets of biodiversity within this\ntopographically complex archipelago.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Since 2010, funding from the Australian\n&amp; Pacific Science Foundation and Australian Commonwealth New Colombo Plan, along\nwith support from students, has enabled fieldwork focused on collecting bees,\nwasps, and butterflies across all the major Fijian islands. Trekking up the\ntallest mountains, four wheel driving across challenging terrain, and following\nthe meandering rivers of inland Fiji has revealed that initial estimations of\nFiji\u2019s entomological fauna have been severely underestimated. <\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>DNA barcoding over 1,000 bee specimens has increased species richness estimates from 4 species (known since 1979) up to 26 endemic species in the genus <em>Homalictus. <\/em>Interestingly, 60% of these new species are only found above 800 m elevation which comprise a mere 2% of land area of Fiji, and often restricted to single mountain tops. From extensive barcoding, mitochondrial haplotype diversity was used to explore the level of intraspecific gene flow in the widespread species of the genus. <\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"id\":69,\"align\":\"right\",\"linkDestination\":\"media\"} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Fijiensis-Haplotype-FINISHED.jpg\"><img src=\"https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Fijiensis-Haplotype-FINISHED-300x295.jpg\" alt=\"Haplotype network of all sequenced HOMALICTUS fijiensis (N=358) coloured by sampling locality. Hash marks represent nucleotide changes between each haplotype. Shared haplotypes represented by circles with multiple colours. Circle outline representing highland or lowland sampling. (b) Sampling map of H. fijiensis coloured by geographic sampling locality.\" class=\"wp-image-69\"\/><\/a><figcaption>Haplotype network of all sequenced HOMALICTUS fijiensis (N=358) coloured by sampling locality. Hash marks represent nucleotide changes between each haplotype. Shared haplotypes represented by circles with multiple colours. Circle outline representing highland or lowland sampling. (b) Sampling map of H. fijiensis coloured by geographic sampling locality.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>These results also indicate that gene flow is being restricted within highland localities of the most widespread <em>Homalictus <\/em>species. Dispersal from a species home range does not appear to be occurring in Fiji, which may be presenting a contemporary model of speciation that is predominantly influenced by past climatic fluctuations. There is an estimated crown age of 400 ka for the initial Fijian <em>Homalictus <\/em>colonisation, which would result in the genus being present for several glacial cycles. During glacial maxima, cooler climate would be ubiquitous throughout Fiji, however during glacial minima and interglacial periods there is a distinction between cool highland and warm lowland climate. DNA barcoding results indicate that the largest diversification of this genus is concordant with the most recent glacial minima, as species that were freely dispersing during glacial maxima are forced to retreat into highland refugia. Combined with the inferred haplotype networks, these results indicate that restriction due to low thermal tolerance of lowland climate is driving the extraordinary highland species richness in Fiji. Further to the work on bees, we have also started barcoding Fiji\u2019s butterfly fauna, along with the first ever species of <em>Gasteruption<\/em>, a parasitoid wasp genus, found in Fiji. The species, <em>Gasteruption tomanivi<\/em> (Published in Zootaxa by PhD student Ben Parslow), was found at the peak of Fiji\u2019s highest mountain. These discoveries have highlighted how little is known about the entomofauna of Fiji and how the use of DNA barcoding has helped to uncover Fiji\u2019s hidden secrets of biodiversity. <\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->","_et_gb_content_width":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[85,84],"coauthors":[162],"class_list":["post-1124","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nation-activities","tag-norbol","tag-norway"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1124","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1124"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1124\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4577,"href":"https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1124\/revisions\/4577"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/214"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1124"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1124"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1124"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ibol.org\/barcodebulletin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=1124"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}