Scientific Publications

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A selection of recent research publications on DNA barcoding. For a more comprehensive list, view older DNA Barcoding publications.

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Disentangling Vector-Borne Transmission Networks: A Universal DNA Barcoding Method to Identify Vertebrate Hosts from Arthropod Bloodmeals

Miguel Alcaide, Ciro Rico, Santiago Ruiz, Ramón Soriguer, Joaquín Muñoz, Jordi Figuerola
PLoS ONE 4(9): e7092. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0007092 http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0007092

What hosts sustain arthropod disease vectors when they are not biting humans? These researchers from Doñana Research Station, Seville, Spain, collected “wildlife engorged” mosquitoes, sandflies and biting midges and used DNA barcoding to identify vertebrate hosts from the insects’ bloodmeals.

DNA-based identification of forensically important Australian Sarcophagidae (Diptera)

Kelly A. Meiklejohn, James F. Wallman and Mark Dowton
International Journal of Legal Medicine doi 10.1007/s00414-009-0395-y
http://www.springerlink.com/content/5g84w348300u4r60/

Crime scene investigators often use insect evidence to determine the time of death since the various species that colonize corpses exhibit different stages of development depending on time and temperature. Researchers from the University of Wollongong in Australia tested DNA-barcode identification of forensically important but hard-to-identify Sarcophagidae flies with results that will be instrumental for their implementation in forensic entomology.

Ethnobotany genomics – discovery and innovation in a new era of exploratory research

Steven G. Newmaster and Subramanyam Ragupathy
Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine (2010) 6:2
http://www.ethnobiomed.com/content/6/1/2

This study presents the first use of DNA barcoding in a new approach the authors call “ethnobotany genomics”. It is founded on the concept of “assemblage” of biodiversity knowledge, which includes a coming together of different ways of knowing and valorizing species variation in a novel approach seeking to add value to both traditional knowledge (TK) and scientific knowledge (SK). DNA barcoding was used to identify cryptic species, which were already recognized ethnotaxa using the TK classification systems of local cultures in the Velliangiri Hills of India.

Direct PCR amplification and sequencing of specimens’ DNA from preservative ethanol

Shadi Shokralla, Gregory A. C. Singer and Mehrdad Hajibabaei
BioTechniques (2010) 48:3
http://www.biotechniques.com/BiotechniquesJournal/2010/March/Direct-PCR-amplification-and-sequencing-of-specimens-DNA-from-preservative-ethanol/biotechniques-187463.html

This study tested the hypothesis that DNA from a preserved specimen can leak into its preservative medium (allowing the medium itself to be directly PCR amplified) by obtaining amplifiable quantities of “worm” (agave caterpillar) DNA from the Mexican liquor mescal. Subsequent tests on 95% ethanol preservative of 70 freshly collected specimens and seven archival specimens 7–10 years old suggest that preservative ethanol can be used as a source of genetic material for non-invasive sampling or when no tissue specimen is left for further DNA analyses.

Molecular identification of carrion-breeding scuttle flies (Diptera: Phoridae) using COI barcodes

Petra Boehme, Jens Amendt, R. Henry L. Disney and Richard Zehner
International Journal of Legal Medicine (2009) doi:10.1007/s00414-010-0429-5

Kanchon K. Dasmahapatra, Marianne Elias, Ryan I. Hill, Joseph I. Hoffman and James Mallet
Molecular Ecology Resources (2010) 10, 264–273
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122648790/abstract?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0

Mimicry and extensive geographical subspecies polymorphism combine to make species in the ithomiine butterfly genus Mechanitis (Lepidoptera; Nymphalidae) difficult to determine. DNA barcoding revealed eight well-differentiated haplogroups, suggesting the presence of four new putative “cryptic species”. However, AFLP markers supported only one of these as biologically meaningful. These results demonstrate that in this genus, deep genetic divisions expected on the basis of mtDNA barcoding are not always reflected in the nuclear genome. The authors advocate the use of AFLP markers as a check when mtDNA barcoding gives unexpected results.

Population genetics of ecological communities with DNA barcodes: An example from New Guinea Lepidoptera

Kathleen J. Craft, Steffen U. Pauls, Karolyn Darrow, Scott E. Miller, Paul D. N. Hebert, Lauren E. Helgen, Vojtech Novotny and George D. Weiblen
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA (2010) doi: 10.1073/pnas.0913084107 http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2010/03/01/0913084107.abstract

Contradictory estimates of host specificity and beta diversity in tropical Lepidoptera from New Guinea and the Americas have sparked debate on the role of host-associated divergence and geographic isolation in explaining latitudinal diversity gradients. The authors sampled haplotypes of mitochondrial COI from 28 Lepidoptera species and 1,359 individuals across four host plant genera and eight sites in New Guinea to estimate population divergence in relation to host specificity and geography.

Is It Easy to Be Urban? Convergent Success in Urban Habitats among Lineages of a Widespread Native Ant

Sean B. Menke, Warren Booth, Robert R. Dunn, Coby Schal, Edward L. Vargo and Jules Silverman
PLoS ONE (2010) 5(2): e9194. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0009194 http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0009194

The urban habitat is the most rapidly expanding habitat globally yet the origin and life histories of the populations of native species that inhabit this habitat remain poorly understood. The authors barcoded the widespread native pest ant Tapinoma sessile to find out if urban samples of T. sessile have a single origin from natural populations and whether polygynous colony structure – a trait associated with invasion success – is correlated with urban environments.

Barcoding marine nematodes: an improved set of nematode 18S rRNA primers to overcome eukaryotic co-interference

Punyasloke Bhadury and Melanie C. Austen
Hydrobiologia (2010) 641:245–251 doi: 10.1007/s10750-009-0088-z
www.springerlink.com/index/T824367G61W566P3.pdf

Nematodes form an important component of many benthic marine ecosystems and DNA barcoding approaches could provide an insight into nematode community composition from different environments globally. The authors amplified nematode 18S rRNA sequences using standard nematode18S rRNA primers from environmental DNA extracted from intertidal sediment collected from New Jersey coast, USA to test whether the published marine nematode 18S rRNA sequences from GenBank and EMBL databases can effectively assign unknown nematode sequences into genus or species level.

Barcoding bushmeat: molecular identification of Central African and South American harvested vertebrates

Mitchell J. Eaton, Greta L. Meyers, Sergios-Orestis Kolokotronis, Matthew S. Leslie, Andrew P. Martin, George Amato
Conservation Genetics, DOI 10.1007/s10592-009-9967-0 http://www.springerlink.com/content/b247325p747r7g5j/fulltext.pdf

A globally available database of DNA barcodes has been proposed as a tool for monitoring the legal and illegal trade in wildlife species. The authors of this paper contribute to the Barcode of Life Data System (BOLD) and test whether a COI barcode would reliably distinguish among a suite of commonly hunted African and South American mammal and reptile species.

Publications Since 2001

Abdo, Z., & Golding, G. B. (2007). A step toward barcoding life: a model-based, decision-theoretic method to assign genes to preexisting species groups. Syst Biol, 56(1), 44-56.

Albu, M., Min, X. J., Hickey, D., & Golding, B. (2008). Uncorrected nucleotide bias in mtDNA can mimic the effects of positive Darwinian selection. Mol Biol Evol, 25(12), 2521-2524.

Alcaide, M., Rico, C., Ruiz, S., Soriguer, R., Muñoz, J., & Figuerola, J. (2009). Disentangling Vector-Borne Transmission Networks: A Universal DNA Barcoding Method to Identify Vertebrate Hosts from Arthropod Bloodmeals. PLoS ONE, 4(9), e7092.

Aliabadian, M., Kaboli, M., Prodon, R., Nijman, V., & Vences, M. (2007). Phylogeny of Palaearctic wheatears (genus Oenanthe)--Congruence between morphometric and molecular data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 42(3), 665-675.

Aridgides, L. J., Doblin, M. A., Berke, T., Dobbs, F. C., Matson, D. O., & Drake, L. A. (2004). Multiplex PCR allows simultaneous detection of pathogens in ships' ballast water. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 48, 1096-1101.

Armstrong, K. F., & Ball, S. L. (2005). DNA barcodes for biosecurity: invasive species identification. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, 360(1462), 1813-1823.

Arne Holst-Jensen, T. V. T. S. (2004). On reliability. New Phytologist, 161(1), 11-13.

Astrin, J. J., Huber, B. A., Misof, B., & Kltsch, C. F. C. (2006). Molecular taxonomy in pholcid spiders (Pholcidae, Araneae): evaluation of species identification methods using CO1 and 16S rRNA. Zoologica Scripta, 35(5).

Baker, A. J. (2007). Molecular Advances in the Study of Geographic Variation and Speciation in Birds. Ornithological Monographs, 63, 18-29.

Baker, A. J., Pereira, S. L., Rogers, D. I., Elbourne, R., & Hassell, C. J. (2007). Mitochondrial-DNA evidence shows the Australian Painted Snipe is a full species, Rostratula australis. Emu, 107(3), 185-189.

Baker, A. J., Tavares, E. S., & Elbourne, R. F. (2009). Countering criticisms of single mitochondrial DNA gene barcoding in birds. Molecular Ecology Resources, 9(s1), 257-268.

Baker, C. S., Dalebout, M. L., Lavery, S., & Ross, H. A. (2003). www.DNA-surveillance: applied molecular taxonomy for species conservation and discovery. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 18(6), 271-272.

Balke, M., Wewalka, G., Alarie, Y., & Ribera, I. (2007). Molecular phylogeny of Pacific Island Colymbetinae: radiation of New Caledonian and Fijian species (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae). Zoologica Scripta, 36(2).

Ball, S. L., & Armstrong, K. F. (2006). DNA barcodes for insect pest identification: a test case with tussock moths (Lepidoptera : Lymantriidae). Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 36(2), 337-350.

Ball, S. L., & Armstrong, K. F. (2008). Rapid, one-step DNA extraction for insect pest identification by using DNA barcodes. J Econ Entomol, 101(2), 523-532.

Ball, S. L., Hebert, P. D. N., Burian, S. K., & Webb, J. M. (2005). Biological identifications of mayflies (Ephemeroptera) using DNA barcodes. Journal of the North American Benthological Society, 24(3), 508-524.

Ballantine, D. L., Saunders, G. W., & Ruiz, H. (2007). Halichrysis corallinarius sp. nov. (Rhodymeniaceae, Rhodophyta) from Puerto Rico, Caribbean Sea. Phycological Research, 55(3), 240 - 248.

Barbar, T., Palma-Silva, C., Paggi, G. M., Bered, F., Fay, M. F., & Lexer, C. (2007). Cross-species transfer of nuclear microsatellite markers: potential and limitations. Molecular Ecology, 0(0).

Barber, P., & Boyce, S. L. (2006). Estimating diversity of Indo-Pacific coral reef stomatopods through DNA barcoding of stomatopod larvae. Proc Biol Sci, 273(1597), 2053-2061.

Barrett, R. D. H., & Hebert, P. D. N. (2005). Identifying spiders through DNA barcodes Canadian Journal of Zoology, 83(3), 481-491.

Beardsley, S. (2005). Bending to bar codes. Sci Am, 292(5), 26, 28.

Bely, A. E., & Weisblat, D. A. (2006). Lessons from leeches: a call for DNA barcoding in the lab. Evol Dev, 8(6), 491-501.

Bergemann, S. E., & Garbelotto, M. (2006). High diversity of fungi recovered from the roots of mature tanoak (Lithocarpus densiflorus) in northern California Canadian Journal of Botany, 84(9), 1380-1394.

Bergeron, M. J., Hamelin, R. C., Leal, I., Davis, C., & de Groot, P. (2008). First Report of Amylostereum areolatum, the Fungal Symbiont of Sirex noctilio, on Pinus spp. in Canada. Plant Disease, 92(7), 1138-1138.

Berkov, A., Feinstein, J., Small, J., Nkamany, M., & Centeno, P. (2007). Yeasts Isolated from Neotropical Wood-Boring Beetles in SE Peru. Biotropica, 39(4).

Besansky, N. J., Severson, D. W., & Ferdig, M. T. (2003). DNA barcoding of parasites and invertebrate disease vectors: what you don't know can hurt you. Trends Parasitol, 19(12), 545-546.

Bhadury, P., Austen, M. C., Bilton, D. T., Lambshead, P. J. D., Rogers, A. D., & Smerdon, G. R. (2005). Combined morphological and molecular analysis of individual nematodes through short-term preservation in formalin. Molecular Ecology Notes, 5(4), 965-968.

Bhadury, P., Austen, M. C., Bilton, D. T., Lambshead, P. J. D., Rogers, A. D., & Smerdon, G. R. (2006). Development and evaluation of a DNA-barcoding approach for the rapid identification of nematodes. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 320, 1-9.

Bhadury, P., Austen, M. C., Bilton, D. T., Lambshead, P. J. D., Rogers, A. D., & Smerdon, G. R. (2006). Molecular detection of marine nematodes from environmental samples: overcoming eukaryotic interference. Aquatic Microbial Ecology, 44(1), 97-103.

Bhadury, P., Austen, M. C., Bilton, D. T., Lambshead, P. J. D., Rogers, A. D., & Smerdon, G. R. (2007). Exploitation of archived marine nematodes a hot lysis DNA extraction protocol for molecular studies. Zoologica Scripta, 36(1).

Bilodeau, A. L., Lankford, W. S., Kim, T. J., Felder, D. L., & Neigel, J. E. (1999). An ultrasensitive method for detection of single crab larvae (Sesarma reticulatum) by PCR amplification of a highly repetitive DNA sequence. Molecular Ecology, 8(4).

Bito, D. (2007). An alien in an archipelago: Spathodea campanulata and the geographic variability of its moth (Lepidoptera) communities in the New Guinea and Bismarck Islands. Journal of Biogeography, 34(5).

Blaxter, M. (2003). Molecular systematics: Counting angels with DNA. Nature, 421(6919), 122-124.

Blaxter, M., Elsworth, B., & Daub, J. (2004). DNA taxonomy of a neglected animal phylum: an unexpected diversity of tardigrades. Proc Biol Sci, 271 Suppl 4, S189-192.

Blaxter, M., & Floyd, R. (2003). Molecular taxonomics for biodiversity surveys: already a reality. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 18(6), 268-269.

Blaxter, M., Mann, J., Chapman, T., Thomas, F., Whitton, C., Floyd, R., et al. (2005). Defining operational taxonomic units using DNA barcode data. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, 360(1462), 1935-1943.

Blaxter, M. L. (2004). The promise of a DNA taxonomy. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, 359(1444), 669-679.

Bond, J. E., & Stockman, A. K. (2008). An integrative method for delimiting cohesion species: finding the population-species interface in a group of californian trapdoor spiders with extreme genetic divergence and geographic structuring. Syst Biol, 57(4), 628-646.

Borisenko, A. V., Kruskop, S. V., & Ivanova, N. V. (2009). A new mouse-eared bat (Mammalia: Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) from Vietnam. Russian Journal of Theriology, 7(2), 57-69.

Borisenko, A. V., Lim, B. K., Ivanova, N. V., Hanner, R. H., & Hebert, P. D. N. (2008). DNA barcoding in surveys of small mammal communities: a field study in Suriname. Molecular Ecology Resources, 8(3), 471-479.

Borisenko, A. V., Sones, J. E., & Hebert, P. D. N. (2009). The front-end logistics of DNA barcoding: challenges and prospects. Molecular Ecology Resources, 9(s1), 27-34.

Boulding, E. G., deWaard, J. R., Ang, K. P., & Hebert, P. D. N. (2009). Population genetic structure of the salmon louse, Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Krøyer) on wild and farmed salmonids around the Pacific coast of Canada. Aquaculture Research, 40(8), 973-979.

Bourlat, S. J., Nakano, H., Kerman, M., Telford, M. J., Thorndyke, M. C., & Obst, M. (2008). Feeding ecology of Xenoturbella bocki (phylum Xenoturbellida) revealed by genetic barcoding. Molecular Ecology Resources, 8(1), 18-22.

Boyer, S. L., Baker, J. M., & Giribet, G. (2007). Deep genetic divergences in Aoraki denticulata (Arachnida, Opiliones, Cyphophthalmi): a widespread *€*mite harvestman*€* defies DNA taxonomy. Molecular Ecology, 16(23).

Braukmann, T. W. A., Kuzmina, M., & Stefanovic, S. (2009). Loss of all plastid ndh genes in Gnetales and conifers: extent and evolutionary significance for the seed plant phylogeny Current Genetics, 55(3), 323-337.

Bravo, J. P., Silva, J. L., Munhoz, R. E., & Fernandez, M. A. (2008). DNA barcode information for the sugar cane moth borer Diatraea saccharalis. Genet Mol Res, 7(3), 741-748.

Brower, A. V. Z. (2006). Problems with DNA barcodes for species delimitation: 'ten species' of Astraptes fulgerator reassessed (Lepidoptera:Hesperiidae). Systematics and Biodiversity, 4(2), 127-132.

Brown, J. W., Miller, S. E., & Horak, M. (2003). Studies on New Guinea moths. 2. Description of a new species of Xenothictis Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Archipini). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 105(4), 1043-1050.

Bucklin, A., Wiebe, P. H., Smolenack, S. B., Copley, N. J., Beaudet, J. G., Bonner, K. G., et al. (2007). DNA barcodes for species identification of euphausiids (Euphausiacea, Crustacea). Journal of Plankton Research, 29(6), 483-493.

Burns, J. M., & Janzen, D. H. (2005). What's in a name? Lepidoptera : Hesperiidae : Pyrginae : Telemiades Hubner 1819 Pyrdalus Mabille 1903 : New combinations Telemiades corbulo (Stoll) and Telemiades oiclus (Mabille)-and more. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 107(4), 770-781.

Burns, J. M., Janzen, D. H., Hajibabaei, M., Hallwachs, W., & Hebert, P. D. N. (2007). DNA barcodes of closely related (but morphologically and ecologically distinct) species of Skipper Butterflies (Hesperiidae) can differ by only one to three nucleotides. Journal of the Lepidopterists’ Society, 61(3), 138-153.

Burns, J. M., Janzen, D. H., Hajibabaei, M., Hallwachs, W., & Hebert, P. D. N. (2008). DNA barcodes and cryptic species of skipper butterflies in the genus Perichares in Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, Costa Rica. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 105(17), 6350-6355.

Byrkjedal, I., Rees, D. J., & Willassen, E. (2007). Lumping lumpsuckers: molecular and morphological insights into the taxonomic status of Eumicrotremus spinosus (Fabricius, 1776) and Eumicrotremus eggvinii Koefoed, 1956 (Teleostei: Cyclopteridae). Journal of Fish Biology, 71(sa), 111-131.

Caesar, R. M., Srensson, M., & Cognato, A. I. (2006). Integrating DNA data and traditional taxonomy to streamline biodiversity assessment: an example from edaphic beetles in the Klamath ecoregion, California, USA. Diversity and Distributions, 12(5).

Calmin, G., Belbahri, L., & Lefort, F. (2007). Direct PCR for DNA barcoding in the genera Phytophopthora and Pythium. Biotechnology and Biotechnological Equipment, 21(1), 40-42.

Cameron, S., Rubinoff, D., & Will, K. (2006). Who will actually use DNA barcoding and what will it cost? Syst Biol, 55(5), 844-847.

Campagna, L., Lijtmaer, D. A., Kerr, K. C. R., Barreira, A. S., Hebert, P. D. N., Lougheed, S. C., et al. (2009). DNA barcodes provide new evidence of a recent radiation in the genus Sporophila (Aves: Passeriformes). Molecular Ecology Resources, Online Early.

Cardini, A., Thorington, R. W., & Polly, P. D. (2007). Evolutionary acceleration in the most endangered mammal of Canada: speciation and divergence in the Vancouver Island marmot (Rodentia, Sciuridae). Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 20(5).

Carew, M. E., Pettigrove, V., Cox, R. L., & Hoffmann, A. A. (2007). DNA identification of urban Tanytarsini chironomids (Diptera:Chironomidae). Journal of the North American Benthological Society, 26(4), 587–600.

Caterino, M. S., & Tishechkin, A. K. (2006). DNA identification and morphological description of the first confirmed larvae of Hetaeriinae (Coleoptera: Histeridae). Systematic Entomology, 31(3).

Chang, C.-H., Rougerie, R., & Chen, J.-H. (2009). Identifying earthworms through DNA barcodes: Pitfalls and promise. Pedobiologia, 52(3), 171-180.

Chantangsi, C., & Lynn, D. H. (2008). Phylogenetic relationships within the genus Tetrahymena inferred from the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 and the small subunit ribosomal RNA genes. Mol Phylogenet Evol, 49(3), 979-987.

Chantangsi, C., Lynn, D. H., Brandl, M. T., Cole, J. C., Hetrick, N., & Ikonomi, P. (2007). Barcoding ciliates: a comprehensive study of 75 isolates of the genus Tetrahymena. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, 57(Pt 10), 2412-2423.

Chase, M. W., & Fay, M. F. (2009). Barcoding of Plants and Fungi. Science, 325, 682-683.

Chase, M. W., Salamin, N., Wilkinson, M., Dunwell, J. M., Kesanakurthi, R. P., Haidar, N., et al. (2005). Land plants and DNA barcodes: short-term and long-term goals. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, 360(1462), 1889-1895.

Chen, S., Yao, H., Han, J., Liu, C., Song, J., Shi, L., et al. (2010). Validation of the ITS2 Region as a Novel DNA Barcode for Identifying Medicinal Plant Species. PLoS ONE, 5(1), e8613.

Chen, W., Seifert, K. A., & Levesque, C. A. (2009). A high density COX1 barcode oligonucleotide array for identification and detection of species of Penicillium subgenus Penicillium. Molecular Ecology Resources, 9(s1), 114-129.

Cheung, F., Win, J., Lang, J. M., Hamilton, J., Vuong, H., Leach, J. E., et al. (2008). Analysis of the Pythium ultimum transcriptome using Sanger and Pyrosequencing approaches. BMC Genomics, 9, 542.

Chown, S. L., Sinclair, B. J., & Jansen van Vuuren, B. (2008). DNA barcoding and the documentation of alien species establishment on sub-Antarctic Marion Island. Polar Biology.

Chu, K. H., Li, C. P., & Qi, J. (2006). Ribosomal RNA as molecular barcodes: a simple correlation analysis without sequence alignment. Bioinformatics, 22(14), 1690-1701.

Clare, E. L., Fraser, E. E., Braid, H. E., Fenton, M. B., & Hebert, P. D. N. (2009). Species on the menu of a generalist predator, the eastern red bat (Lasiurus borealis): using a molecular approach to detect arthropod prey. Molecular Ecology, 18(11), 2532-2542.

Clare, E. L., Kerr, K. C., von Konigslow, T. E., Wilson, J. J., & Hebert, P. D. (2008). Diagnosing mitochondrial DNA diversity: applications of a sentinel gene approach. J Mol Evol, 66(4), 362-367.

Clare, E. L., Lim, B. K., Engstrom, M. D., Eger, J. L., & Hebert, P. D. N. (2007). DNA barcoding of Neotropical bats: species identification and discovery within Guyana. Molecular Ecology Notes, 7(2), 184–190.

Clayden, S. L., & Saunders, G. W. (2008). Resurrecting the red algal genus Grania within the order Acrochaetiales (Florideophyceae, Rhodophyta). European Journal of Phycology, 43(2), 151 - 160.

Cognato, A. I. (2006). Standard Percent DNA Sequence Difference for Insects Does Not Predict Species Boundaries. Journal of Economic Entomology, 99(4), 1037-1045.

Cognato, A. I., Caesar, R. M., Blaxter, M., & Vogler, A. P. (2006). Two Views: Will DNA barcoding advance efforts to conserve biodiversity more efficiently than traditional taxonomic methods? Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 4(5), 268-273.

Cohen, N. J., Deeds, J. R., Wong, E. S., Hanner, R. H., Yancy, H. F., White, K. D., et al. (2009). Public Health Response to Puffer Fish (Tetrodotoxin) Poisoning from Mislabeled Product. Journal of Food Protection, 72(4), 810-817.

Cook, A. A., Bhadury, P., Debenham, N. J., Meldal, B. H. M., Blaxter, M. L., Smerdon, G. R., et al. (2005). Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) as a tool for the identification of marine nematodes. Mar Ecol Prog Ser, 291, 103-113.

Cooper, J. K., Sykes, G., King, S., Cottrill, K., Ivanova, N. V., Hanner, R., et al. (2007). Species identification in cell culture: a two-pronged molecular approach. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim, 43(10), 344-351.

Corin, S. E., Lester, P. J., Abbott, K. L., & Ritchie, P. A. (2007). Inferring historical introduction pathways with mitochondrial DNA: the case of introduced Argentine ants (Linepithema humile) into New Zealand. Diversity and Distributions, 13(5).

Costa, F. O., & Carvalho, G. R. (2007). The Barcode of Life Initiative: synopsis and prospective societal impacts of DNA barcoding of Fish. Genomics, Society and Policy, 3(2), 29-40.

Costa, F. O., deWaard, J. R., Boutillier, J., Ratnasingham, S., Dooh, R., Hajibabaei, M., et al. (2007). Biological identifications through DNA barcodes: the case of the Crustacea Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 64(2), 272-295.

Cowan, R. S., Chase, M. W., Kress, W. J., & Savolainen, V. (2006). 300,000 species to identify: problems, progress, and prospects in DNA barcoding of land plants Taxon, 55(3), 611-616.

Creer, S. (2005). On the application of molecular barcodes in toxinological research. Toxicon, 46(6), 709-710.

Cywinska, A., Hunter, F. F., & Hebert, P. D. N. (2006). Identifying Canadian mosquito species through DNA barcodes. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 20(4), 413-424.

Dalebout, M. L., Scott Baker, C., Steel, D., Robertson, K. M., Chivers, S. J., Perrin, W. F., et al. (2007). A DIVERGENT mtDNA LINEAGE AMONG MESOPLODON BEAKED WHALES: MOLECULAR EVIDENCE FOR A NEW SPECIES IN THE TROPICAL PACIFIC? Marine Mammal Science, 23(4), 954-966.

Darling, J. (2006). The Value of Barcoding. BioScience, 56(9), 710-711.

DasGupta, B., Konwar, K. M., Mandoiu, II, & Shvartsman, A. A. (2005). DNA-BAR: distinguisher selection for DNA barcoding. Bioinformatics, 21(16), 3424-3426.

Dasmahapatra, K. K., & Mallet, J. (2006). Taxonomy: DNA barcodes: recent successes and future prospects. Heredity, 97(4), 254-255.

Dawnay, N., Ogden, R., McEwing, R., Carvalho, G. R., & Thorpe, R. S. (2007). Validation of the barcoding gene COI for use in forensic genetic species identification. Forensic Sci Int, 173(1), 1-6.

Day, J. C., Goodall, T. I., & Post, R. J. (2008). Confirmation of the species status of the blackfly Simulium galeratum in Britain using molecular taxonomy. Med Vet Entomol, 22(1), 55-61.

De Astarloa, J. M. D., Mabragana, E., Hanner, R., & Figueroa, D. E. (2008). Morphological and molecular evidence for a new species of longnose skate (Rajiformes: Rajidae: Dipturus) from Argentinean waters based on DNA barcoding. Zootaxa, 1921, 35-46.

de Cock, A. W., Levesque, C. A., Melero-Vara, J. M., Serrano, Y., Guirado, M. L., & Gomez, J. (2008). Pythium solare sp. nov., a new pathogen of green beans in Spain. Mycol Res, 112(Pt 9), 1115-1121.

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